ALL GOVT. ORDERS

Thursday, March 31, 2011

AIPEDEU CIRCULAR

No.GDS/CHQ/1/5/2011                                                                                 Dated 31-03-2011

To,

 

All Circle/Divisional/Branch Secretaries,

All CWC Members, A.I.P.E.D.E.U.     

 

Subject:- Problems of the GDS employees.  

 

Dear Comrades,

 

          You are aware that the CWC held at Warangal had adopted a resolution of agitational programmes to press the burning problems of the GDS employees. Several programmes of action have been successfully observed. The recent dharnas on 23-03-2011 organised at Circle/Regional Head quarters were a grand success all over the Country, we congratulate our members and the leadership at different levels for observing the programmes so successfully.

 

          You are further aware that the next programme is to hold circle level conventions during April-June 2011 to highlight and popularize our demands. This is a very vital and important programme where we should invite local public leaders and gentry to attend the convention. We should apprise them of our problems to gather more public support. We sincerely hope that our Circle Secretaries will organize the Convention in a befitting manner. The date of the convention may be finalished according to local convenience.

 

Meeting with Hoh'ble Communication Minister

          It is in this connection we along with Com. Gurudas Das Gupta M.P., Com. Sachi Dev, Com. G.L. Dhar, Com. C. Singh, had a meeting with Sri Kapil Sibal, Hon'ble Communications Minister on 29-03-2011 and handed over a short memorandum. The Minister gave a patient hereing and assured that he would look into the matter in a positive way. The Minister also assured that he would examine the issue of contribution by the GDS employees to the Pension fund besides the Contribution by the Government. We are reproducing herewith the Memorandum that we submitted to the Hon'ble Minister.

 

          It may be seen that we have requested the Hon'ble Minister to revisit the recommendations of Justice Talwar Committee which paves the way for according the status of Central Civil Servant of the GDS employees.

 

          Comrades, we shall be pursuing the issues to their logical conclusion with your active support and sincere observance of the programmes, we are sure, we shall succeed.
 

           With greetings,

                                                                                        

         Yours fraternally,

 

--
S.S.Mahadevaiah
General Secretary
All India Postal Extra Departmental Employees Union

Wednesday, March 30, 2011

MEETING WITH HON'BLE COMMUNICATION SHRI KAPIL SIBAL JEE,

MEETING WITH HON'BLE COMMUNICATION SHRI KAPIL SIBAL JEE, HELD ON 29.3.11 REGARDING GDS ISSUES WITH SATISFACTORY ASSURANCE DETAIL CIRCULAR FOLLOWS SHORTLY
WE ARE REPRODUCING THE MEMORUNDAM BELOW

GDS/CHQ/4/3/2011                                       Dated: 29.03.2011
           
To

Shri Kapil Sibal Jee,
Hon'ble Minister for Communications & IT
Government of India
Electronic Niketan, 6 CGO Complex,
Lodhi Road, New Delhi-110001

Respected Sir,

With deep respect and humility, we venture to seek a bit of your precious time to submit herewith a brief memorandum on the pressing and burning problems of Gramin Dak Sevak employees of the Department of Posts.
We earnestly believe that the issues will receive your sympathetic consideration for long impending solution. Our belief is based on the concrete foundation that the issues need a judicious and political touch at the hands of one of the most renounced jurists of the land.
With profound regards,
                                              Yours faithfully,
DA: one Memorandum
                                                                        (S.S.MAHADEVAIAH)
                                                                         GENERAL SECRETARY


MEMORANDUM
Background: The Gramin Dak Sevaks are the employees of the Department of Posts who are responsible for maintaining and providing communications services to rural India. We are aware that the Government has been laying special stress on rural uplift. On this score, Communication is going to be of vital importance. It is heartening to note that the Department of Posts has recognized this well in time and there is a proposal for updating rural post offices ¼Branch Post Offices½ by connecting them with internet. But the employees in these Post Offices i.e., Gramin Dak Sevaks have long been victims of discrimination. The three lac Gramin Dak Sevaks believe that a great jurist at the helm of affairs will do justice on the principle of right to equality provided in the Constitution of India.
2. Justice Talwar Committee Recommendations: While other Committees on service conditions and related matters have been constituted under Chairmanship of bureaucrats, it was in 1995 that a Committee under Justice Chranjit Talwar, retired Judge of Delhi High Court was constituted. Based on the three judge judgment of the Supreme Court of India in Rajamma's case (SC, 1977½ Justice Talwar Committee recommended equality in status as civil servants and pay scales on the  basis of work hours, while the commendations of this judicial committee were mainly neglected, a few were hugely abridged before implementation.
          A Committee under  Sri Natarajamurthy, a retired bureaucrat has tried and infact, over ruled the findings of justice Talwar. It has, therefore, become necessary to revisit the recommendations of Justice Talwar Committee in the light of several judgments of the Supreme Court for necessary action.
          Your good self, may kindly consider this aspect and pass judicious orders.
3. Discrimination in bonus ceiling: The ceiling on pay and allowances for grant of bonus to employees has been fixed at Rs.3500/- irrespective of pay. This applies to Gramin Dak Sevaks as well. But the Department of Posts has unreasonably and arbitrarily reduced this ceiling to Rs.2500/-.
          You may graciously and judicially view this discrimination and remove the injustice.
4. Tightening of norms for assessment of work hours: We need hardly emphasize that the condition of business in rural post offices is different from this prevailing in urban areas. The department of posts has abruptly and arbitrarily raised the quantum of cash handling from Rs.1000/- to Rs.20,000/- for one point and stamp sales amount to Rs.900/- from Rs.45/- Besides work done in payment of MNREGS is ignored. This works to be detriment of the BPMs and has to be revised.
          Your honour may kindly order modification of tightened norms to be practicable and in consultation with this Union.
5. Curtailment in promotional avenues: In the recently made Recruitment Rules for Postman, the already scanty promotional avenues of the Gramin Dak Sevaks have been further curtailed by 25%. We have submitted reasoned views on this issue to the Secretary, Department of Posts (a copy enclosed as Annexure-I). The said Recruitment Rules need to be modified in the light of our suggestions.
Your honour may kindly pass necessary orders.
6. Compassionate appointments: In the recently circulated yard sticks for recruitment on compassionate grounds on death in harness while the same are faulty and not based on facts, this will abridge this small benefit of Gramin Dak Sevaks and abnormally delay such recruitment defeating the very purpose. We have submitted detailed note on the issue to the Secretary, Department of Posts ¼a copy enclosed as Annexure-II).
Your honour may kindly cause suitable amendment as proposed by us.
7. Grant of Trade Union facilities: The ED Agent ¼Recognition & Association½ Rules, 1995 are verbatim reproduction of the CCS ¼Recognition of Service Associations½ Rules, 1993 and other related orders are the same. But our Union has not been granted any trade union facility. Not even the facility of Foreign Service at our own cost and no special casual leave to attend organizational meetings or meetings with administration. This is highly arbitrary and unjustified.
Your honour may graciously consider the issue and order that minimum trade union facilities are granted to ensure proper functioning of the Union.


--
S.S.Mahadevaiah
General Secretary
All India Postal Extra Departmental Employees Union

Monday, March 28, 2011

HIKE IN SOME ALLOWANCES AFTER DA CROSSED 50%

 



--
S.S.Mahadevaiah
General Secretary
All India Postal Extra Departmental Employees Union

Friday, March 25, 2011

FINANCE MINISTRY D.A ORDERS RELISEED.

Order for Payment of Dearness Allowance t Central Government Employees - Revised Rates effective from 01.01.2011

View and Download the Order Here
 
DOP Will issue seperate orders shordly for GDS Staff.


--
S.S.Mahadevaiah
General Secretary
All India Postal Extra Departmental Employees Union

Staff Welfare Boarding 30.03.2011

 WELFARE BOARDING MEETING ON 30-03-2011


The Department has convened staff Welfare Board Meetings on 30.03.2011 at New Delhi. Federations, other representatives and behalf of GDS Com. P. Pandurangarao Circle Secretary, AIPEDEU, A. P. Circle is representing Due to AIPEDEU efforts first time GDS staff participating the meeting. We are expecting many positive decisions in the meeting.

Government of India
Ministry of Communications & IT
Department of Posts
Dak Bhawan, New Delhi – 110001
No. 1-1/2009-WL/Sports Dated – 16.03.2011


To
All Heads of Postal Circles
All Members of the Postal Services Staff Welfare Board
(As per list enclosed)


Sub: - 11th meeting of the Postal Services Staff Welfare Board to be held on 5th April, 2011 at New Delhi under the chairpersonship of Hon'ble Minister of State for Communications & IT.


Sir/Madam,


I am directed to say that 11th Meeting of the Postal Services Staff Welfare Board will be held at New Delhi on 05.04.2011. Under the chairpersonship of Hon'ble Minister of State for Communications & IT. The venue and time of the meeting will be intimated shortly. All Members of the Board are requested to make it convenient to attend the meeting.
2. All arrangements in regard to transport and accommodation for invitees to the above meeting will be made by Delhi Postal Circle. In this regard, a separate reference has been made to the Chief PMG, Delhi Circle with a request to make necessary arrangements. All Members of the Board may get in touch with Delhi Circle for this purpose.
3. Agenda for the meeting is enclosed.
4. The members of the Postal Services Staff Welfare Board who attend the meeting will be treated as on duty and will be entitled to TA & DA as admissible under the Rules.

Yours faithfully,
Encl: As above
(Subhash Chander)
DIRECTOR (WL/SPORTS)
Copy to: -
As per List attached

Agenda Items for Consideration


1. Enhancement of Powers of Heads of Circles for grant of financial assistance in case of prolonged illness/major surgical operations to Postal employees/Gramin Dak Sevaks, full time and part-time casual labourers.
Condition of taking treatment from Government hospital may be relaxed for grant of financial assistance in case of prolonged illness/major surgical operations.
2. Immediate death relief to the family/dependents on the death of postal employees and Gramin Dak Sevaks in case of death due to normal cause/accident/terrorists attack/dacoits/robbers while in service.
3. Enhancement of financial assistance in case of natural calamities, fire and floods etc.
4. Enhancement/removal of pay ceiling for grant of Book Awards/Excellence academic Awards/Scholarship to the children/wards of the Postal employees and GDSs.
5. Increase of rates of book awards, excellence awards and scholarship for Tech/Non-technical students upto graduate level.
6. Increase of number of excellence awards for Class X and XII.
7. Addition of Degree courses such as BCA, BBA, BA+LLB, BSc + LLB, B. Com + LL, B. Com + BBA, BS (Nursing), B. Ed for eligibility of educational assistance under Welfare Schemes.
8. Introduction of scholarship for Post Graduate courses.
9. Increase of grant of scholarship/transport charges to handicapped/physically challenged postal employees and GDSs and their wards.
10. Increase of distance limit to be visited under excursion trip from 500 kms. to 1000 kms./1500 kms. Increase of subsidy also. Revision of pay ceiling for availing this facility.
11. Postal hospitals may be merged into CGHS Scheme: and retired employees may also by included.
12. Production of Photo ID cards for staying in IQs for security measures.
13. Increase in the service charges for occupation of IQs by outsiders.
14. Provision of full-fledged canteen in Circle HQs and Divisional HQs – Provide subsidy in food etc.
15. Provision of Staff Recreation Club with full amenities in the Circle HQs and Divisional HQs for sports activities.
16. Enhancement of grant-in-aid to Postal Recreation Clubs since 1999 in view of the DOP&T's order dated 14.10.1999.
17. Enhancement of grant-in-aid to Residential Welfare Association from Rs.10/- to 50/- per quarter per annum.
18. Ensuring holding of regular Circle Board meetings.
19. Rs.50000/- may be paid from Welfare fund at the time of retirement in addition to retirement benefits.
20. Pay ceilings for grant of financial assistance under various Welfare Schemes to be fixed as per implementation of 6th Pay Commission Report.
21. Enhancement of T.A granted to employees working in Postal Stitching Centres from Rs.750/- to Rs.4500/-
22. Opening of Holiday Home at Bodh Gaya being an international Religious place.
23. Timely allotment of Central Welfare Fund.
24. Proper auditing of receipt and expenditure accounts of Circle Welfare fund keeping view the collection made towards welfare fund from the officials without issuing Cash receipts.
25. Allocation of funds under the head SC-sub-Plan & ST-sub-Plan.
26. Supply uniform to outdoor GDSs staff.
27. Supply of water bottles to GDS staff and postman for outdoor duties.



--
S.S.Mahadevaiah
General Secretary
All India Postal Extra Departmental Employees Union

Introduced a long-awaited (PFRDA) New pension bill in parliament

Introduced a long-awaited (PFRDA) New pension bill in parliament.
 
NEW DELHI: India's finance minister introduced a long-awaited pension bill in parliament on Thursday that would pave the way for private players in the sector and help cut government spending.

 
The Pension Regulatory and Development Authority (PFRDA) bill, which would allow part investment of the corpus in the stock market, will take time for parliamentary approval as the current session of parliament ends on Friday.

The bill had failed to get parliamentary approval in the previous term of Prime Minister Manmohan Singh's government due to strong opposition from its then Left allies.

 
The coalition has the majority now to get it passed, and the main opposition Bharatiya Janata Party has indicated it would not oppose the bill.

 
The proposed legislation was silent on allowing foreign companies to invest up to 26 percent in pension funds that was part of a draft, but said the government would separately announce foreign investment policy for the sector.

 
The bill provides powers to the PFRDA to oversee multiple pension funds in the country.

All the employees of the federal government except the armed forces, who have joined since January 2004, would be covered by the proposed National Pension System under the new legislation.


Twenty seven states have agreed to join the new pension system, the bill said, under the proposed law that is expected to provide social security to millions of employees and funds for infrastructure sector.

 
(Courtesy ET ON 25-03-2011)
--
S.S.Mahadevaiah
General Secretary
All India Postal Extra Departmental Employees Union

2 HOUR DEMONSTRATION AGANST PFRDA BILL-CONFEDERATION CALL.

2 HOUR DEMONSTRATION AGANST PFRDA BILL-CONFEDERATION CALL 
PFRDA BILL INTRODUCED IN THE PARLIAMENT:
HOLD DEMONSTRATION BETWEEN 12 AND 2 PM ON
FRIDAY 25TH MARCH 2011
IN FRONT OF ALL OFFICES
TO REGISTER OUR STRONG PROTEST AGAINST THE ATTROCIOUS ATTEMPT
OF THE UPA GOVERNMENT 
TO REINTRODUCE THE LAPSED BILL

Dear Comrade,

The UPA II Government has today introduced the PFRDA Bill once again in the Parliament.  The  bill  that was introduced earlier  by the then Finance Minister, Shri P. Chidambaram, could not muster sufficient support to get enacted as the Left parties Parties opposed it. Even though the enactment could not be made, the Government through executive fiat had converted the statutory defined benefit Pension scheme which is in existence for decades in the case of Government employees into a contributory pension scheme.   
            The All India State Government Employees Federation and the Confederation of Central Government employees had jointly taken the decision earlier to oppose the introduction of the Bill by organizing a two hour walk out programme. Accordingly we call upon all our Affiliates and State Units to immediately organize demonstration in front of all offices between 12 and 2 PM and mobilize the members for sustained serious programmes of action in the days to come.  Intensive campaign programmes must be undertaken to bring home the pernicious impact the bill will bring about on the existing pensionary benefits of the Government employees. Besides, The funds accumulated from the contributions made by the employees as stipulated in the New Contributory pension scheme would be diverted to stock market for investment. Since the Government is to contribute equal amount as is being made by the employees, the new contributory pension scheme would be an unbearable drag on the exchequer and the sole beneficiary would be the big corporate houses. We must therefore embark upon a sustained struggle against the new scheme including a day's strike action as and when the bill is taken up for enactment by the Parliament..
            With greetings,


Yours fraternally,


K.K.N.Kutty;
Secretary General

AIPEDEU CALLS UPON THE ENTIRE RANK AND FILE TO SUPPORT DEMONSTRATION IN THE FRONT OF ALL GOVERNMENT OFFICES BETWEEN 12 AND 2 PM TODAY

--
S.S.Mahadevaiah
General Secretary
All India Postal Extra Departmental Employees Union

Thursday, March 24, 2011

Meghdoot Awards - all Circles including CGM(BD&M Dte), CGM(PLI) CE(Civil/Electriacal) & DDG(PAF) have been requested to send at least one nomination for each of the following categories for the years 2009 and 2010 by 25th March 2011


Meghdoot Awards - all Circles including CGM(BD&M Dte), CGM(PLI) CE(Civil/Electriacal) & DDG(PAF) have been requested to send at least one nomination for each of the following categories for the years 2009 and 2010 by 25th March 2011


 

CALENDAR OF DEPARTMENTALEXAMINATIONS FOR 2011

 

            Directorate vide memo No. A-34012/02/2010-DE dated 16.03.2011 has notified Calendar of Departmental Examination for 2011 in supersession of its earlier letter dated 29.12.2010.

I. Centralized Examinations:
01. LGOs exam for promotion to PAs / SAs 01.05.2011
02. PSS Gr. B examination 2010 15.05.2011
03. PAs / SAs Direct Recruit 2011 10.07.2011
04. Inspector of Posts 06 & 07.08.2011
05. Jr. Engineer (C&E) 10.09.2011
06. Asst Engineer (C&E) 11.09.2011
07. Postmaster Grade I 15 & 16.10.2011
08. Senior Postmaster 16.10.2011
II. De-centralized Examinations:
09. LDCs to Jr. Acct in PAOs 05 & 06.11.2011
10. Confirmation exam for DR Jr. Account in PAOs 12 & 13.11.2011
11. Postman/Mailguard Exam for Direct Recruit and Departmental Promotion 27.11.2011
12. Direct Recruit Exam for appointment as Multi Tasking Staff 11.12.2011

--
S.S.Mahadevaiah
General Secretary
All India Postal Extra Departmental Employees Union

Wednesday, March 23, 2011

CONGRATULATION TO ALL


CONGRATULATION TO ALL

 

THE THIRD PHASE AGITATION AT REGIONAL HEAD QUARTER ALL OVER INDIA CHQ RECEIVED ENOROMOUS REPORT FOR SUCCESFUL CONDUCTING PROGRAMME

 

CHQ received information for all over country regarding (AIPEDEU CWC Call) for conducting a successful programme. We convey our thanks and congratulations for all participants, Circle and Divisional leadership.

 
 
WE CONGRATULATE LEADERSHIP AND THE SUPPORTERS OF THE AGITATION.

--
S.S.Mahadevaiah
General Secretary
All India Postal Extra Departmental Employees Union

Today (CHQ) CWC Call Dharna at Regional HQ

Today (CHQ) CWC Call Dharna at Regional HQ Programme.

Dear Comrades,

 

The Third Phase Agitational programme Dharna at Regional HQ on 23-03-2011

 

All are requested to make successful Dharna by all office bearers and active at Regional head quarters on 23-03-2011. Please Send report to CHQ.


DECLARATION OF HOLIDAY ON 14TH APRIL, 2011-

BIRTHDAY OF DR.B.R. AMBEDKAR. 

MOST IMMEDIATE

F. N0.12/2/2011-JCA-2

Government of India

Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances & Pensions

(Department of Personnel & Training)

*****

North Block, New Delhi

Dated the 21st March, 2011.

 

OFFICE MEMORANDUM

 

Subject: Declaration of Holiday on 14th April, 2011- Birthday of Dr.

               B.R. Ambedkar.

 

          It has been decided to declare Thursday, the 14th April 2011, as a Closed Holiday on account of the birthday of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, for all Central Government Offices including Industrial Establishments throughout India.

 

2.       The above holiday is also being notified in exercise of the powers conferred by Section 25 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 (26 of 1881).

 

3.       All Ministries/Departments of Government of India may bring the above decision to the notice of all concerned.

  
       Sd/-                                                     
   (Dinesh Kapila)
Director to the Government of India,
 Tele:23092589

 



--
S.S.Mahadevaiah
General Secretary
All India Postal Extra Departmental Employees Union

TODAY CABINET APPROVED 6% DA TO CENTRAL GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES

TODAY CABINET APPROVED 6% DA TO CENTRAL GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES...


CABINET APPROVED 6% DA TO CENTRAL GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES...

DEARNESS ALLOWANCE HIKED BY 6% TO CENTRAL GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES FROM JAN-2011...

The Union Cabinet today decided to increase the Dearness Allowance by 6% to Central Government employees.

Hike in the Dearness Allowance (DA) will be from 45% to 51% w.e.f.January 2011.

Release of first additional instalment of dearness allowance for this year to Central Government employees and Dearness Relief to Pensioners due from Jan-2011 to compensate for essential commodities price hike.

The revised rates of Dearness Allowance from 1.1.2011 to 28.2.2011 may be paid in cash as arrears and for the month of March may be disbursed with the salary.

The enhancement of Dearness Allowance is in accordance with the accepted formula, which is based on the recommendations of the 6th Central Pay Commission.

Government Order from Finance Department will be published very soon.


--
S.S.Mahadevaiah
General Secretary
All India Postal Extra Departmental Employees Union

MATERNITY GRANT TO WOMEN GRAMIN DAK SEVAKS OUT OF WELFATE FUND OF THE DEPARTMENT- INSTRUCTIONS REGARDING

EXISTING POWERS OF DIVISIONAL HEADS ALSO COVER OF MATERNITY GRANT TO WOMEN GRAMIN DAK SEVAKS OUT OF WELFATE FUND OF THE DEPARTMENT AND ANOTHER PERIOD OF LEAVE FOR THREE MONTHS WITHOUT ALLOWANCES IF AVAILED BY WOMAN GDS - INSTRUCTIONS REGARDING

 
 
Government of India

Ministry of Communications & IT

Department of Posts

(Establishment Division)

Dak Bhawan, Sansad Marg.

New Delhi-110001

No.17-9/2011-GDS                                                                                               Dated the 21-Mar 2011

To

                                                                             

All Chief Postmaster General,

 

Subject:          MATERNITY GRANT TO WOMEN GRAMIN DAK SEVAKS OUT OF WELFATE FUND OF THE DEPARTMENT- INSTRUCTIONS REGARDING

 

Sir/Madam,

 

Reference is invited to this Directorate letter No.6-1/2009. PE.II dated 09 October 2009 providing for Maternity Grant to the women GDS.

 

2. One man Committee under Shri RS Nataraja Murti constituted under Resolution No. 6-1/2007-PE II dated 23rd July 2007 examined the system of Extra Departmental Post Offices and wage structure of Gramin Dak Sevak & submitted its report on 29th October 2008. After approval of Cabinet, the Department issued orders under No. 6-1/2009 PE II dated 09 October 2009. It was prescribed under Para 9 of the ibid that "women GDS will be provided Maternity Grant equivalent to three months TRCA with DA for the birth date of issue of the order".

 

3. The recommendations made by the One man Committee in Para 16.10.1have been examined further and it has been decided that Maternity Grant equal to three month's TRCA with DA out of welfare fund will be payable from the welfare fund at the disposal of the Circles effective from 09 October 2009 on fulfillment of the following conditions;-

 

(a)               Maternity Grant will be payable to a woman GDS for each child up to the birth of maximum of two children limited to a maximum of two confinements resulting into birth of first two children only during the entire engagement of the following of a woman GDS.

(b)               The women GDS must have rendered a minimum of one year service of becoming eligible for grant under the provision.

(c)                No Financial Grant will be admissible for medical termination of pregnancy (abortion). Miscarriage and still births.

4.                  The scheme of allowing Maternity Grant is like any other ongoing welfare scheme paid out of welfare fund. Funds will be allocated for this scheme by welfare section of this Directorate to the Circles. Heads of the Division will be competent to sanction Maternity Grant to the women GDS out of welfare fund placed at their disposal by the Circle concerned.

5.               Woman Gramin Dak Sevaks like Mil Deliverer and Mail Carrier may also be considered for lighter duties wherever possible during the pre and post confinement period for a maximum period of six months.

6.                  Woman GDS shall be granted Maternity Leave not exceeding six months covering the pre and post confinement period. For the period of Maternity Leave, Woman GDS will be paid Maternity Grant for three months and leave for another three months may be granted without allowances.

7.                   Existing powers of Divisional Heads for grant of leave beyond 180 days leave without allowances availed by GDS to work against in Group D and Postman vacancies would also cover period of three month Maternity Leave with allowances (Maternity Grant) and another period of leave for three months without allowances if availed by Woman GDS.

8.                   The contents may be brought to the knowledge of all concerned. This has the approval of the competent authority.

 

Yours faithfully,

 

(Surender Kumar)

Assistant Director General (GDS/PCC)



--
S.S.Mahadevaiah
General Secretary
All India Postal Extra Departmental Employees Union